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| Malala Yousafzai From taliban |
Geneva UN,-- When a Taliban gunman
shot Malala Yousafzai last October, the bullet travelled beyond her
native Swat Valley in northern Pakistan.
It echoed around the globe, and ricocheted through another conservative community in the north - with surprising results.
First there was fear, says local aid worker, Qurratul Ain
Sheikh, sitting in a school courtyard perched on a hilltop. "After the
Malala issue so many parents, especially mothers, did not allow their
daughters to come to school," she said. "They were so afraid."
That anxiety kept the girls' primary school empty for a month.
But then aid workers, and teachers, began to fight back. They
lobbied parents about the need to educate their daughters. They began
holding meetings and putting pamphlets through doors. And the Malala
effect kicked in - parents refused to be cowed, and sent their daughters
back to school.
There was a positive change, especially in the
mothers," says Qurratul Ain. "They allow their daughters to go to
school and work like Malala, and raise their voices for their rights,
especially child rights."
And there was a bonus - enrolment went up, with an extra 30 girls coming to school, swelling the numbers to almost 300.
This school has not been targeted by the Taliban, nor have
others in the area. But we have decided not to identify the location as a
precaution.
'Follow her example'
Behind high white-washed walls, the school day begins with
assembly in the yard. The pupils line up neatly, to sing the national
anthem, clad in white headscarves, and pale blue tunics.
Then they file into colourful classrooms, where posters of
flowers and insects line the walls. Younger pupils sit in clusters on
woven mats on the floor.
A slight 10-year-old called Tasleem is one of the new
arrivals. She's polite, and chatty, and wants to be a policewoman.
Tasleem says her mother was angered by the sight of Malala being rushed
away after the attack, fighting for her life.
"Before Malala was shot we didn't think we should go to
school," she told me. "My Mum saw what happened on TV. That made her
think. After this she decided her girls should also be in school and
should get a good education. "
Tasleem lowers her eyes when she recalls how the campaigning teenager
was shown no mercy. "She was attacked so brutally," she says, "and she
had done nothing wrong. The men who shot her probably didn't like that
she was helping girls to be educated. We should all follow her example,"
she says firmly.
Sitting alongside her is Nadia, a studious 10-year old who
dreams of being a doctor. Like Tasleem, she is the first girl in her
family to go to school.
"I used to tell my father I want to go to school," she says.
"He always said no. But when my parents heard about Malala's story they
said you should go to school. When I started I didn't know anything.
Then my teacher explained things to me. I learnt how to read and write,
and a lot of other things."
Malala has changed the equation for these girls, in this
mountain hamlet. But many children in Pakistan never see the inside of a
classroom.
Lost generation
The country has the second highest number of children out of school in the world, and the figures are getting worse.
Around 5.4 million children of primary school age don't get
an education, according to the latest statistics from the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (Unesco). There are
an additional seven million adolescents out of school. And spending on
education has been decreasing in recent years.
Pakistan invests seven times more in the military than in primary schooling. What these numbers add up to is a lost generation
Many children in Pakistan only learn lessons in hardship. The country
has an army of child labourers born into poverty, and often into debt.
A leading Children's rights group here, SPARC, estimates they could
number as many as 12 million.
At a kiln outside the city of Hyderabad, in the southern
province of Sindh, the BBC filmed some of them at work. Children as
young as four and five squat for hours, shaping mud into mounds to be
baked into bricks. They are caked in dust, and scorched by the sun.
Everyone has to pull their weight - even scrawny boys pushed
wheelbarrows around the site.
Ten-year-old Jeeni toils here with the rest of
her family - nine siblings, mother and father. Like many at the kilns,
they are members of Pakistan's Hindu minority.
Under her faded pink headscarf, Jeeni has a troubled and
weary look. Her young shoulders are carrying an adult burden and these
days it's heavier than ever.
"If we earn, we eat," she says, "otherwise we go hungry. My
big brother was hurt. He can't help our father making bricks. He can't
make any money. So now it's only us - younger ones - who are working."
As she speaks, her voice breaks and she begins to cry.
Jeeni's father, Genu, who is hollow-cheeked, knows his
children are being robbed of their future, but says he is too poor to
stop it.
"I understand the importance of education," he says, sitting
in the dirt. "I had some schooling myself. If I die what will happen to
them? They are illiterate. Anybody will be able to trick them. But I
can't manage to send them to school."
Jeeni went to school once - for a day - but transport was costly.
She longs to return, but that dream may be buried, brick by brick
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